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hot water

Water heating is a heat transfer process that uses an energy source to heat water above its initial temperature. Typical domestic uses of hot water include cooking, cleaning, bathing, and space heating. In industry, hot water and water heated to steam have many uses.
Domestically, water is traditionally heated in vessels known as water heaters, kettles, cauldrons, pots, or coppers. These metal vessels that heat a batch of water do not produce a continual supply of heated water at a preset temperature. Rarely, hot water occurs naturally, usually from natural hot springs. The temperature varies with the consumption rate, becoming cooler as flow increases.
Appliances that provide a continual supply of hot water are called water heaters, hot water heaters, hot water tanks, boilers, heat exchangers, geysers (Southern Africa only), or calorifiers. These names depend on region, and whether they heat potable or non-potable water, are in domestic or industrial use, and their energy source. In domestic installations, potable water heated for uses other than space heating is also called domestic hot water (DHW).
Fossil fuels (natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, oil), or solid fuels are commonly used for heating water. These may be consumed directly or may produce electricity that, in turn, heats water. Electricity to heat water may also come from any other electrical source, such as nuclear power or renewable energy. Alternative energy such as solar energy, heat pumps, hot water heat recycling, and geothermal heating can also heat water, often in combination with backup systems powered by fossil fuels or electricity.
Densely populated urban areas of some countries provide district heating of hot water. This is especially the case in Scandinavia, Finland and Poland. District heating systems supply energy for water heating and space heating from combined heat and power (CHP) plants, waste heat from industries, incinerators, geothermal heating, and central solar heating. Actual heating of tap water is performed in heat exchangers at the consumers' premises. Generally the consumer has no in-building backup system, due to the expected high availability of district heating systems.
Today in the United States, domestic hot water used in homes is most commonly heated with natural gas, electric resistance, or a heat pump. Electric heat pump water heaters are significantly more efficient than electric resistance water heaters, but also more expensive to purchase. Some energy utilities offer their customers funding to help offset the higher first cost of energy efficient water heaters.

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  1. J

    Recommended temperature on hot water tank

    Hi All I hope you are doing well. I have this water tank for hot water heated by a Baxi boiler or electrical heater. What is the recommended temperature on it? I see Danfoss ATC written near the knob. Is it what the end-user wants or there is a reason behind 50 or 60 Centigrade? I think it was...
  2. J

    Hot water only when heating turned on

    Hi, we have an HIU unit, which we only get hot water from the taps when we turn on the heating unit. A number of engineer have come in to check but they have stated they couldn't see any issues. Any thoughts? could it be the heating plate?
  3. J

    Ferroli 32c He no hot water

    Ferroli 32c he (combi) So after having a 2 week holiday, we have come home to no hot water. It just cycles on off every second. Heating working fine and have to use it for the water to be hot. No fault codes. Clicking noise in the pcb on trying for hot water? Things I have checked. Diverter...
  4. D

    Burning smell from hot water

    We recently replaced a shower cubicle in our upstairs bathroom with a jacuzzi bath and shower cubicle and took the bath water feed from the existing shower. We were in the middle of a rennovation so the bathroom hadnt been used for 6 months or so in between. We replaced the tiles with the shower...
  5. R

    Boiler hot water issue & water pressure issue upstairs. please help!

    Hi everyone, New here & my first post! I have a Worcester greenstar 24i, it is a conventional boiler, it has a water tank upstairs. For the past year the hot water when turned on was intermittent. I repressurised the expansion vessel to 1 bar and the hot water switch when turned on worked...
  6. A

    Heatline combi boiler

    I have a heatline vizo 24 combi boiler that starts up for a few seconds and then shuts off. This happens with both hot water and heating. If left all overnight or all day it will work first time and stay on. If tried again soon after the problem comes back.
  7. A

    Vibrating hot water return pipe from indirect cylinder

    Hi, I have two indirect water cylinders (Gledhill) connected to a gas boiler (Vaillant). The system is setup/programmed so that the tanks heat up twice a day for about 2 hours. When the tanks start to heat, one of them makes a loud vibrating noise, sometimes for about 15-20 mins, sometimes for...
  8. B

    No heating or hot water!

    I’ve been having some issues with my heating system. I noticed that the overflow was intermittently dripping and saw on the tank that i should drain the system and then open the pressure relief valve to reestablish an air gap. However the relief valve was broken so i was unable to do so. After...
  9. M

    Rayburn plumed into vented hot water tank

    Hi, I have a rayburn 212 that I have plumbed into a vented hot water tank as far as I am aware I do not have to vent the rayburn as the tank is vented, is this correct. attached Is an image of the tank and a very basic schematic, fig 1 is how I have it plumed fig 2 is how I would plumb if the...
  10. M

    Hot water to multiple commercial kitchens

    Hi all, Hope all are well. I’m in the early stages of renovating an industrial unit. The fit out is to have 7/8 commercial kitchens, these kitchens will have reasonable output, i.e. high street takeaway in terms of their demand. The unit has 3 bar of pressure and 25 litres a minute of water...
  11. J

    Hot water leaking at overflow

    Hi Overflow suddenly spouting out luke warm water to outside of house, checked on down pipe in photo leads exterior overflow, could put finger spout when overflowing and its luke warm water. Why is it overflowing? Lot of water coming out. Photo attached of side of tank to show above. What is...
  12. B

    Not hot water in two outlets

    Hi Guys Need to pick your brains if you have a moment. I attended a flat where in one bathroom the hot water on the basin had major low pressure. In the Ensuite shower it was the same issue in the hot water. All the other hot water outlets in the property had good pressure. Bath and kitchen...
  13. G

    studio flat heating and hot water

    asked to specify for very small studio flat, architect has drawn a combi boiler, 2 radiators, heated towel rail and shower, basin, kitchen sink, washing machine. seems overkill to me, in the past i have used electric shower, 15l 3kw Ariston for hot water, and electric panel heaters, but he is...
  14. vrtechsol

    Hot Water system Installations

    Suggest some good hot water system installers and sellers. In Australia
  15. S

    URGENT How to shut off hot water and heating on this kind of boiler and tank?

    How to shut off hot water and heating on this kind of boiler and tank?
  16. W

    Combi boiler - bang when hot water opened

    Hi All! I hope you can give me some advise. I had combi boiler (Viessman vitodens 100-w 30kW) installed about half year ago. Recently I start hearing one single bang when hot water is opened at any of taps around house. It sound like someone in other room will knock a radiator (not relly loud...
  17. S

    Hot water, low-pressure

    Hi today, I installed a new kitchen tap, isolated the stopcock I’m drained down the hot water when turn the stopcock back on the pressure outside the kitchen tap was weaker. Strangely, the bathroom tap has good pressure this is for the hot both colds a good pressure Any advice please?
  18. R

    Hot water turns on radiators

    When the hot water is set to on, the radiators also warm up. Two 2-port valve / cylinder/gas boiler system. Seemed possible likely that the valve to the heating was sticking open (partially?). This valve was replaced the problem remains. What could be other possible causes? When the heating...
  19. D

    5 min of hot water in shower after cartridge change

    Our master bath shower had two shower heads. One was leaking/dripping so our plumber changed both cartridges since he was already there. That fixed the leak, but ever since one side gets too hot and the other side only stays hot for 5 minutes before slowly getting colder and colder. Our plumber...
  20. T

    Y plan provides hot water when turned off

    Customer complained of hot water tank getting hot when no demand Y plan system couldn't see any issues so I watched it Timer set to CH only, HW off Thermostat turned to on Heating comes on as normal, valve moved to CH position After around 20 minutes the 3 way valve moves to mid point and...
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