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rain head

Leader heads or conductor heads are components of a roof drainage system which are known by different names, but they all mean the same. They are funnel-shaped elements, connected in most cases to a gutter, and from there to a downspout. The downspouts take the water run off from the roof that is collected in the gutters to the ground or into a storm water management system.
The purpose of a leader head is to help transfer excess water from the roof onto downspouts, thus preventing the gutters from overflowing and water washing over the walls, which is a common occurrence in areas susceptible to heavy rain cycles. The use of leader heads also offers other benefits to the drainage system. Because the top of the funnel is open, air is constantly introduced into the system and water flows faster through the downspouts. Additionally, some leader heads are designed to receive more than one downspout, or in some cases more than one gutter converge onto a single leader head. Lastly, leader heads have historically provided an opportunity to incorporate a decorative element within their design. These elements, as are the other roof drainage system components, gutters, scuppers or downspouts, have to be sized to perform well, according to the amount of precipitation that they are intended to help alleviate.
Leader heads can also receive water from scuppers, as used predominantly through flat roofs’ parapets. In those cases, the leader head provides the transition from scupper to downspout.
Leader heads can be incorporated into a rain water harvesting system, by helping direct the water into collection cisterns. This way, the harvested natural resource, rainwater, can be redistributed as best fits the needs. Whether the leader head fits directly into the collecting tank, or is connected to a down pipe first, contaminants and debris such as such as leaves, twigs from trees, and bird and other animal droppings among others, must be kept out of the tanks. For this purpose leaf guards or leaf diverters are very useful, since they are simple angled screens installed in such manner as to deflect leaves and debris while allowing water to pass through.
In Australia a leader head is known as a Rainhead. Essentially exactly the same thing but with different terminology.

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